The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious cup on 14 separate occasions.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille fired twice late to take a shock lead. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital leveler in the final seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving decisive attempts from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing shootout victory.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the last thirteen seasons.